Buri mwaka, Ikigo cyitwa Global Peace Index (GPI) gisohora raporo y’ibipimo by’amahoro ku isi. Iyi raporo ni yo yonyine yerekana uburyo igihugu giteje ibyago cyangwa gifite umutekano gishingiye ku bipimo 23 bitandukanye birimo iterabwoba rya politiki, impfu zatewe n’amakimbirane yo mu gihugu, ndetse n’ikigero ubwicanyi buriho
Raporo ya GPI isuzuma ibihugu 163 bingana na 99.7% by’abatuye isi yose. Ibintu byasesenguwe muri raporo byashyizwe mu bice bitatu bitandukanye: Umutekano, Amakimbirane ndetse n’ibikorwa bya gisirikare. Mu bintu byagendewe mu gutegura iyi raporo harimo: umubare w’ibyaha bituruka ku makimbirane yo mu gihugu ndetse no hanze yacyo, urwego rwo kutizerana, ubutegetsi budahamye, ibikorwa by’iterabwoba, umubare w’ibyaha by’ubwicanyi, n’amafaranga yakoreshejwe mu gisirikare. Amanota abarwa kuri buri gihugu mu 163 uko amanota aba menshi niko n’igihugu kiba giteye ubwoba uko aba make niko kirushaho kugira umutekano.
1. Afuganisitani
Hamwe n’amanota 3.554 muri 2022 (mu byukuri umutekano wiyongereye ugereranije na 2021 amanota yari 3.631), Afuganisitani ikomeje kuba igihugu giteye akaga ku isi mu mwaka wa gatanu wikurikiranya. Igihugu cyugarijwe n’intambara z’urudaca, impinduramatwara, n’amakimbirane mu baturage mu myaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo, Afuganisitani ifite umubare munini w’abantu bapfa bazize intambara n’iterabwoba kurusha ibindi bihugu byo ku isi – ibi kandi bikaba byarakusanyijwe mu gihe Uburusiya na Ukraine byari mu ntambara imaze amezi atari make.
2. Yemeni
Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye rivuga ko muri iki gihe Yemeni yibasiwe n’ikibazo gikomeye cy’umutekano. Imyaka irenga itanu amakimbirane akomeje kuba mu gisirikare yatumye abantu miliyoni 4.3 bava mu ngo zabo naho ababarirwa muri miliyoni 14 bari mu byago byo kwicwa n’ inzara hamwe n’indwara . Abagera kuri 80% by’abaturage ba Yemeni (miliyoni 24 z’abaturage) bakeneye ubufasha bw’imibereho.
3. Siriya
Intambara y’abasivili yibasiye iki gihugu kuva muri Werurwe 2011 kandi ikaba ari yo ntambara ya kabiri yahitanye abantu benshi mu kinyejana cya 21. Kugeza muri Werurwe 2019, abantu miliyoni 5.7 bari bahunze Siriya, naho miliyoni zirenga 6 bari bavuye mu byabo. GPI yahaye Siriya amanota 3.356 muri 2022 bitewe n’amakimbirane akomeje, imidugararo mu baturage, ndetse n’ibyaha by’urugomo bikabije, birimo ubujura, gukubita, kwiba imodoka, no gushimuta. Intambara hagati ya guverinoma n’imitwe itavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi, aho usanga ikijyanye n’amategeko kitubahirizwa hanze y’umurwa mukuru wa Juba.
4. Uburusiya
Mu gihe imirwano myinshi mu ntambara y’u Burusiya na Ukraine ibera muri Ukraine, ntibibuza ko mu by’ukuri Uburusiya buza mu bihugu byambere ku Isi bifite umutekano muke. Ibi biterwa ahanini n’uko abakomerekeye ku rugamba muri Ukraine baza bagashyirwa mu bice bimwe by’igihugu bituma abaturage batishimiye ubutegetsi ndetse n’ubukungu budahagaze neza ugereranije na mbere ndetse n’ibihano byashyiriweho iki gihugu bitoroheye abaturage.
Icyakora nubwo iyi Raporo igaragaza Uburusiya nk’igihugu kiza imbere birashoboka ko Ukraine ishobora kuzisanga iza imbere y’Uburusiya muri uyu mwaka wa 2023 bijyanye n’ho intambara igeze ubu ndetse n’ingaruka iagira hagati y’ibihugu byombi.
5. Sudani y’Amajyepfo
Igihugu gifite umutekano muke muri Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara, Sudani yepfo ibangamiwe n’amakimbirane yo mu gihugu imbere. N’ubwo iki gihugu gikomeje kuza mu bihugu byambere ku Isi birimo umutekano muke ariko nanone hari intambwe cyateye ugereranije no mu mwaka 2021 kuko cyzamutse ho 15% mu mutekano mu mwaka wa2022 nkuko iyi Raporo ibigaragaza.
6. DR Congo
K’urutonde rwa batatu ba mbere (hamwe n’Uburusiya na Iraki) mu cyiciro cy’ impfu ziterwa n’intambara ziturutse hanze y’igihugu, Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Kongo nacyo ni igihugu cya kabiri mu biteza ibyago byugarije Afurika yo munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara. Ubukene n’imidugararo ya politiki ni n’intabara za munsi, aho inyeshyamba n’ingabo zihora mu mirwano mu turere tumwe na tumwe. Ibyaha birimo ubwicanyi, gufata ku ngufu, gushimuta, gutwika imodoka, n’ubujura bwo mu muhanda biramenyerewe rwose. Ndetse ibiza birimo imitingito n’iruka ry’ibirunga birahangayikishije.
7. Irak
Irak ikomeje kugira amakimbirane yo mu gihugu ndetse no hanze, harimo n’ibitero by’iterabwoba. ISIS ikomeje gufata no kwica abasivili ndetse n’ ingabo za Iraki. Guhonyora uburenganzira bwa muntu, birimo guhonyora ubwisanzure n’uburenganzira bw’umugore, Abanyamerika basuye Iraki baba bafite ibyago byinshi by’ihohoterwa n’ishimutwa.
Ntabwo bivuze ko kugera muri kimwe muri ibi bihugu bidashoboka gusa biborwa hagendewe ku buryo umutekano wifashe ndetse byagufasha kwitwararika mu gihe waba ugeze muri kimwe muri ibi bihugu
